Пензенская область
Profile of the Penza Region
Profile of the Penza Region
Location, administrative-territorial division and authorities.
Penza Region is located in the European part of Russia, on the East European (Russian) Plain, bordering the Republic of Mordovia, Ryazan, Saratov, Tambov and Ulyanovsk Regions. Penza region is located at the intersection of federal highways and railroads: Center - East and South - North. Its area is 43.3 thousand square kilometers. The region stretches 204 km from north to south and 330 km from west to east.
The population of Penza region is 1,236,113, including 851,348 people living in urban areas and 384,765 people living in rural areas.
Penza region is a multinational region. Representatives of more than 100 nationalities live on its territory. Russians account for 87.57%, Tatars 6.44%, Mordva 2.46%, Roma 0.37%, Chuvash 0.35%, Armenians 0.33%, and others.
In Penza region 27 ethno-cultural organizations are registered and operate, including 14 national-cultural autonomies, 4 of which are regional and 10 local. They represent nine different ethnic communities in the Penza region (Tatars, 7; Armenians, 5; Mordva, 5; Tajiks, 2; Chuvash, 3; Jews, 2; Uzbeks, 1; Gypsies, 1; and Azerbaijanis, 1).
There are 583 religious organizations of various confessions in the region. Of these, 447 are Orthodox, 99 are Muslim, and 37 are of other faiths (Catholics, Jews, Protestants, etc.).
Penza Region is a subject of the Russian Federation and is part of the Volga Federal District.
Its administrative center is the city of Penza, located 650 km south-east of Moscow. southeast of Moscow. There are 318 municipalities in the Penza region, including 3 urban districts, 27 municipal districts. 3 urban districts, 27 municipal districts, 288 settlements, including: 24 urban and 264 rural settlements.
The main law is the Charter of Penza region.
The highest executive authority is the Government of the Penza Region.
Governor of the Penza Region - Oleg Melnichenko.
Chairman of the Government of the Penza Region - Nikolai Simonov.
Address: 75 Moskovskaya St., Penza, 440025, tel. +7 (8412) 56-01-94. Official website: www.pnzreg.ru
Legislative (representative) body of power - the Legislative Assembly of the Penza region.
Chairman of the Legislative Assembly of the Penza Region - Vadim Supikov.
First Deputy Chairman of the Legislative Assembly of Penza region - Sergey Egorov.
Address: 13, Kirov St., Penza, 440026. Tel. +7 (8412) 59-05-02, e-mail: zspo@zspo.ru.
History, culture and tourism.
During the Bronze Age the southern cattle-breeding tribes of the Srubniks came to the Penza lands. On the territory of the region lived also Gorodets tribes, who were engaged in primitive agriculture, raised cattle and hunted. Local local historians discovered and investigated ancient Mordva villages and settlements dating back to the first millennium AD.
In the Middle Ages the Mordva tribes were neighbored by the Burtas, a Turkic tribe related to the Volga Bulgars. During the domination of the Golden Horde, Tatar principalities under the control of the Golden Horde Khan appeared on the trade routes.
Since the XV century there was a movement of the Russian population to vast areas in the region of the Sura River. The influx of Russians became especially strong in the XVI century. After the fall of the Kazan Khanate in 1552, the lands of the present-day Penza region became part of the Russian state. At the place where the Penza River flows into the Sura River, the city of Penza was founded in 1663 by decree of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. At the end of the XVIII century in the Penza region there were up to 1260 settlements, where more than 680 thousand people lived.
The life and activities of many outstanding state and military figures, representatives of national science, culture, education, medicine and sports are closely connected with the Penza region.
The first Penza Governor was Lieutenant-General Stupishin, the second - actual State Counselor, Major-General Gedeonov. Vigel and Seliverstov were also famous governors and patrons of the Penza land.
Nikolai II's favorite Field Marshal General Milyutin often visited Penza and had an estate near the city. In 1877 he commanded the 121st Penza Infantry Regiment in the war with the Turks in the Balkans.
The statesmen of the Russian Empire - public figure and statesman M.M. Speransky, statesman, diplomat and senator Kurakin, Prince Golitsyn - added their experience to the piggy bank of the theory and practice of public administration, working for some time on the Penza land.
The first Minister of Foreign Affairs of Russia (1802-1805) Alexander Vorontsov is considered to be a native of Penza province: information about his birthplace has not been found, however, it is known that his mother - Grand Duchess Ekaterina Dashkova - had an estate near Penza, in Pavlo-Kurakino. Russian Prime Minister Pyotr Stolypin, being the Governor of Saratov Province, visited Penza many times.
The history of Penza region is also closely connected with the names of outstanding Russian military leaders and naval commanders: Suvorov, Shein, Golovin, Sheremetiev, Istomin, Tukhachevsky, Krylov.
Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of May 21, 2021, No. 304
"On awarding the honorary title of the Russian Federation "City of Labor Valor" for the significant contribution of city dwellers to achieving victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, ensuring uninterrupted production of military and civilian products at industrial enterprises, and for the massive labor heroism and selflessness shown in this process, the city of Penza was awarded the honorary title of the Russian Federation "City of Labor Valor".
In Penza for a long time lived, worked and engaged in science outstanding doctors of Russia, health care organizers: Filatov, Zakharin, Burdenko.
There are 424 objects of cultural heritage on the territory of Penza region, including: 54 of federal significance and 368 of regional significance, 2 objects of local significance.
Type of objects: monuments - 383, ensembles - 37, places of interest - 4. These include: 2 museum-reserves, 1 museum-estate.
There are 8 estate complexes in the Penza region, 3 of them of federal significance: "Tarkhany Estate" (Belinsky district of the Penza region), "Nadezhdino (Kurakin) Estate" (Serdobsky district of the Penza region), "Golitsyn Estate" (Tamalinsky district of the Penza region).
Almost all such objects are closely connected with famous historical events in the life of the country, with the names of outstanding figures of culture, science, art and literature. It is enough to name such great people as Klyuchevsky, Lermontov, Belinsky, Radishchev, Zagoskin, Lazhechnikov, Saltykov-Shchedrin, Ogaryov, Kuprin, whose lives were closely connected with the fate and history of the Penza region.
In addition to the historical building of 1899, which houses the regional library named after Lermontov, in 2011 a new 14-storey building with a 14-storey book was built with a book depository for 5 million volumes. This depository of historical and modern books is among the ten largest such objects of science and culture in Russia.
In 2014, two new cultural facilities were commissioned in the Penza Region: the building of the new Penza Philharmonic Society - Penzakoncert with a 750-seat Great Hall and a 200-seat organ hall, and the building of the Penza Cinema Concert Hall with a capacity of 1,600 seats.
On December 25, 2020, after reconstruction, the building of the PAUK PO "Center for Cultural Development "House of Officers" with a large auditorium for 450 seats, equipped with modern sound and multimedia equipment was opened.
On September 2, 2023, the Penza Planetarium opened in Penza after renovation. The uniquely designed object, made of wood and having no analogues in any city of Russia, was built in 1928 on the territory of the Belinsky Park and is one of the first planetariums in the world.
The official opening of the renovated Penza Theatre of Young Spectators took place on March 23, 2023. The renovation was carried out within the framework of the national project “Culture”.
There are 21 museum institutions in Penza region engaged in museum activities. Three of them are of regional subordination: the Penza Regional Picture Gallery named after K.A. Savitsky. The Penza Regional Picture Gallery named after K.A. Savitsky (with its branches - the Nikolsky Museum of Glass and Crystal and the Museum of One Picture named after G.V. Myasnikov). G.V. Myasnikov); Association of State Literary and Memorial Museums of the Penza Region (head museum - Literary Museum, branches of the Association: the museum-estate of V.G. Belinsky, the museum of A.N. Radishchev and the museum of A.I. Kuprin); Penza State Museum of Local Lore (with departments - the museum of V.O. Klyuchevsky, the museum of I.N. Ulyanov, the museum of N.N. Burdenko, the museum of folk art). The Penza Region has a federal museum - the Tarkhany State Lermontov Museum-Reserve.
At present there are 2,044 tourist industry facilities in Penza region, including: 846 display facilities, 1,032 catering facilities, 80 hotels, 8 hostels, 18 motels, 15 guest houses, 28 tourist centers, 1 camping, 1 fisherman's house, 6 rural guest houses, 7 sanatoriums. In 164 collective accommodation facilities: 8193 beds and 3427 rooms. 13 tour operators are registered in the Federal Register of Tour Operators.
In order to improve the quality of services provided to tourists the work on the state classification of hotels continues. As of 01.01.2025, 160 accommodation facilities in the region have passed state classification.
A network of sanatorium and recreational facilities has been formed in the region: “Khoprovskie Zori”, 'Nadezhda', ''Berezovaya Roscha'' and others.
Climate and natural resources.
Penza region lies in the temperate geographical belt, at the junction of forest, forest-steppe and steppe natural zones. The natural conditions of the region are quite diverse. The territory has a flat, slightly hilly relief, dissected by a dense network of gullies and ravines, a complex and diverse landscape, a relatively developed river network with a picturesque floodplain structure, there is a great diversity of soils, fauna and flora.
The climate in the region is temperate continental. Continentality gradually increases from west to east. The most unstable element of climate is precipitation. The annual amount of precipitation on the territory of the region fluctuates: in dry years it decreases to 350 mm, and in wet years it increases to 775 mm. Spring droughts are characteristic, and summer and fall droughts are not uncommon. The average temperature in January is 8.9 C and in July +19.9 C.
There are 93 specially protected natural territories (SPNTs) with a total area of 77.1 thousand hectares. These include 92 SPNA of regional significance (85 natural monuments and 7 state zoological reserves) and 1 SPNA of federal significance - the state reserve "Privolzhskaya lesosteppe".
The natural monuments include: 5 springs, 17 lakes and bogs, 1 river site, 21 steppe sites, 31 forest areas, 4 dendrological and 5 cultural-historical sites, which include: Golitsinsky forest park, Kurakinsky, Zubrilovsky, Belokamensky parks, Obolensky garden. The total area of natural monuments is 9.1 thousand hectares.
The state reserve "Privolzhskaya lesosteppe" is the pearl of the Penza region and consists of 5 disconnected sites located in 6 districts of the region.
The reserve includes unique natural areas of the Penza region, such as Poperechenskaya and Kuncherovskaya steppes, Ostrovtsovskaya forest-steppe, as well as two forest areas: "Borok" and "Verkhovye Sura". The total area of the state reserve is 8.43 thousand hectares.
The total area of forests of Penza region is about 1.0 million hectares (22% of the region's territory), including 965 thousand hectares of the forest fund, of which: 55 % belong to protective forests and 45 % to exploitation forests. The forests of the region are dominated by broad-leaved and coniferous tree species typical for the middle belt of Russia.
The forest cover of Penza region is uneven. The most forested districts are Gorodishchensky, Zemetchinsky, Kuznetsky, Nikolsky, Sosnovoborsky and Shemyshinsky. The ratio of forested area to the total area of the territory in these districts is from 30 to 50%. For comparison: the forest cover of the Russian Federation is 46.4%.
The main part of the forests of the Penza region is of natural origin, the main forest forming species are pine, oak, birch, aspen.
In the region there are 2746 rivers and streams with a total length of 15458 km. The largest rivers include: Sura, Uza, Moksha, Khopyor, Vorona. The Sura is home to the Penza Reservoir, which is the main source of water supply for the cities of Penza and Zarechny.
Such rivers as the Moksha, Khoper, Vorona and Chembar originate on the Penza land and are the sources of origin of such large rivers as the Volga and the Don.
One of the unique natural phenomena of the Penza region is the sources of the Khoper River, which originate from the purest springs. This place is a natural monument and is called "Khopr Springs".
The animal world and fish resources of the Penza region are quite diverse. There are 338 species of vertebrate animals on the territory of the region. The Red Book includes 100 species of animals. There are 48 species of fish in the region's water bodies. The Sursky Reservoir, the largest in the Penza region, is home to 34 species of fish.
On the territory of Penza region there are 7 state zoological reserves of regional importance with a total area of 59.6 thousand hectares. hectares, where, according to the observations of game wardens, as well as information received from the public, the following representatives of fauna, listed in the Red Book of the Penza region, live permanently or occur during migration: sterlet (Lomovsky zakaznik), fisher (Belinsky zakaznik), magpie sandpiper (Lomovsky zakaznik), Russian otter (Belinsky zakaznik), lynx (Sosnovoborsky and Zemetchinsky zakazniks), owl (Sosnovoborsky zakaznik), river otter (Belinsky, Zemetchinsky and Lomovsky zakazniks).
The hunting fund of the region includes over 4.1 million hectares of hunting grounds, of which 1.6 million hectares are public hunting grounds. In total, there are 79 species of animals classified as hunting objects in the region.
The region has explored deposits of fuel and energy raw materials and a number of solid minerals, which are used or can be used in the construction industry, as mineral fertilizers in agriculture and as technical raw materials in industry.
The Penza Region has:
- non-metallic minerals: building sands, brick-tile, expanded clay, refractory clays, raw materials for the production of building rubble, raw materials for the production of cement and lime, mineral pigments for the production of mineral paints, diatomites, molding and glass sands, phosphorites;
- fuel and energy resources: oil and peat;
- non-traditional minerals: metallic ore minerals: titanium-zirconium placers, glauconite sands and zeolite-containing rocks.
Science and Education.
The education system of Penza region is represented by all types and levels of education.
Currently, there are 176 preschool educational organizations in Penza region
- 176 preschool educational organizations
(by the end of 2024, the availability of preschool education for children aged 1.5 to 7 years is 100%);
- 308 general education schools (in 2020-2024, 8 new schools will be put into operation, and 5.4 thousand new places will be created additionally); 308 general education schools (in 2020-2024, 8 new schools will be put into operation, and 5.4 thousand new places created additionally).
Municipal budgetary general education institution secondary general education school No. 1 named after L.B.Yermin village. No. 1 named after L.B. Ermin (Zasechnoye)
In rural schools, 171 “Growth Point” centers for digital, natural science and humanitarian education have been created, 5 “IT-Cube” centers for digital development of children have been created, the purpose of which is to accelerate students' mastery of relevant and in-demand knowledge, skills and competencies in the field of information technologies, 6 school quantroiums, 290 schools have been equipped within the framework of the “Digital Educational Environment” project.
- 137 organizations of additional education in the sphere of education, culture, physical culture and sports;
- 3 basic professional educational organizations that provide training and support for persons with disabilities and persons with disabilities.
- 33 professional educational organizations (leading - Penza Region State Autonomous Professional Educational Institution “Penza College of Architecture and Construction”, Penza Region State Autonomous Professional Educational Institution “Penza Social and Educational College”, Penza Region State Autonomous Professional Educational Institution “Penza College of Information and Industrial Technologies (IT College)”, etc.).;
- 4 educational organizations of higher education and 9 branches. (Penza State University is the largest university in the Penza region both in terms of the number of students (more than 21 thousand students, including more than 2 thousand international students) and its scientific, educational and personnel potential. The university provides training in 254 educational programs. “Penza State Technological University” - Penza State Technological University is a multilevel educational complex that trains personnel in the field of mechanical engineering and instrumentation, food, chemical industry, information technology, professional pedagogy, ecology and others. “Penza State University of Architecture and Construction” is a leading scientific and educational center, which for more than half a century has been training qualified personnel in the field of architecture and construction for the enterprises of Penza region, other regions of Russia, near and far abroad. “Penza State Agrarian University” trains professional staff for enterprises of the agro-industrial complex. Engineers and technologists of various profiles, agronomists and agroecologists, zootechnicians and veterinarians, specialists in cadastral service and forestry, economists and managers leave the university).
Healthcare.
In 2024, almost 480 thousand Penza residents underwent medical checkups, including 60 thousand who were examined after a coronavirus infection, and another 35 thousand young and middle-aged people (18 - 49 years old) passed in-depth reproductive health checkups.
Thanks to the implementation of the federal project “Development of the primary health care system” of the national project “Health Care” in the Penza region, the air ambulance performed 57 sorties, evacuating 60 people to medical institutions to provide them with emergency medical care.
The construction of an adult polyclinic in the town of Kuznetsk for 600 visits per shift continued, the repair of 7 health care facilities was completed.
The gynecological building of the Mokshansky district hospital became the first of 7 facilities in 2024 where repair works were completed.
437 units of medical equipment, including 2 magnetic resonance tomographs, a computer tomograph, 8 mammographs, 3 X-ray machines and many others were delivered and put into operation in medical organizations providing primary medical and sanitary assistance. A modern digital mammograph was delivered to the In February 2024, the laboratory and diagnostic building of the Regional Cancer Clinical Dispensary opened. The new generation facility, which was designed using the most modern methods, was commissioned ahead of schedule.
More than 100 units of equipment for rehabilitation of patients after vascular accidents were delivered to the G. A. Zakharyin Clinical Hospital No. 6.
A system for supporting medical decision-making “Webiomed” was introduced in the work of medical organizations, which provides a comprehensive assessment of anonymized medical data in order to identify risk factors, determine disease prognoses and identify suspected missed diseases. More than 522 thousand patients have been uploaded to the system for data evaluation.
In medical clinics, 3 thousand patients received medical care in this profile, more than 5 thousand patients received medical rehabilitation in a 24-hour hospital, and more than 2.7 thousand patients received care in a day hospital.
Statistics of labor resources.
The population at the beginning of 2024 is 1,236 thousand people.
The number of labor force for September-November 2024 is 640.0 thousand people.
For 01.01.2025 the number of the unemployed population in the employment service amounted to 1.9 thousand people, of which unemployed citizens - 1.7 thousand people. The registered unemployment rate as of 01.01.2025 amounted to 0.3% (as of 01.01.2024 - 0.5%).
Housing and communal services.
In the current year 2025, 32 municipalities of the Penza region are participating in the implementation of the regional project “Formation of a Comfortable Urban Environment”, on the territory of which 50 public spaces are being improved.
The total amount of budget allocations from the federal, regional and local budgets for the implementation of program activities for 2025 in accordance with the signed agreements is 364.0 million rubles, of which the following funds: federal budget - 346.5 million rubles, Penza region budget - 3.5 million rubles, budgets of municipalities - 14.0 million rubles.
The average value of the Penza region urban environment quality index, according to the calculation made by the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation for 2023 is 195 points.
By January 1, 2025, the share of cities with favorable urban environment is 55% or 7 cities out of 11 settlements having the status of a city. These include: Penza, Zarechny, Kamenka of Kamensky District, Kuznetsk, Nizhny Lomov of Nizhnelomovsky District, Nikolsk of Nikolsky District and Serdobsk of Serdobsky District.
Sport.
In Penza region 24 organizations operate in the system of sports reserve training, including 10 sports schools of Olympic reserve, 9 sports schools, Olympic reserve school, Sports Training Center, Football Development Center “Zenit”.
г. Penza and the Sports School for Adaptive Sports, in which more than 12,000 athletes participate in 42 sports.
Currently, 91 regional sports federations are active, officially developing 92 sports in the region. Nine sports are defined as the basic ones: cycling (BMX), speed skating, swimming, diving, rugby, sambo, artistic gymnastics, triathlon, rhythmic gymnastics.
In 2024, Penza region athletes won 15 medals (5 gold, 3 silver and 7 bronze) at official international competitions. At official All-Russian competitions, Penza Region athletes won 249 medals, including 77 gold, 72 silver, 100 bronze (including 117 medals (35 gold, 32 silver, 50 bronze) in Olympic sports).
In the 2023-2024 season, professional clubs performed successfully:
- rugby club “Lokomotiv-Penza” team became a bronze medalist of the Russian Rugby Championship and a silver medalist of the Russian Rugby-7 Championship;
- mini-football club Laguna-UOR won silver awards in the Russian Championship and Cup of Russia among women's teams;
- basketball club Yunost won bronze in the Russian Basketball Championship among women's teams of Super League-2;
247 Penza athletes were included in the lists of candidates for the sports teams of the Russian Federation for 2024 in 34 sports, including 120 people in Olympic sports.
The region has a good sports material and technical base. There are 4,419 sports facilities.
- There are 2,399 flat sports facilities (including 31 sports grounds for the preparation of the population to take the standardized tests).
There are 2,399 flat sports facilities (including 31 sites for training the population to pass the standards of the All-Russian physical culture and sports complex “Ready for Labor and Defense”);
- 884 sports halls;
- 538 soccer fields;
- 72 swimming pools;
- 25 stadiums.
In 2024, the construction of the Lokomotiv sports and fitness complex was completed, including an indoor sports hall and a heated soccer field. The complex became a base for organizing the training process for pupils of the municipal budgetary institution of additional education “Sports School No. 8 of Penza” in football.
Industry.
Penza region has a high industrial potential. The industrial complex includes more than 2.5 thousand enterprises and organizations, with more than 78 thousand jobs, which is 26% of the total number of people working in the Penza region and provides about 50% of taxes and fees to the budget of the Penza region. Industry accounts for 22% of the gross regional product.
Historically, the Penza region has industrial specialization in the production of a wide range of equipment for power engineering, transport, oil and gas industry and machine building.
Currently, the region is actively developing instrumentation and machine tool building, pulp and paper industry, technical security equipment and production of construction materials.
According to the results of 11 months of 2024, the industrial production index in the Penza Region amounted to 109.4%, with the growth rate higher than in the Russian Federation (104.3%) and the Volga Federal District (105.2%). According to this indicator, the Penza Region ranks 4th among the regions of the Volga Federal District and 13th in the Russian Federation.
The Penza region's enterprises are specialized in the development and manufacture of products for the nuclear power industry, radio electronics, communication equipment, automated control systems and their elements.
The most important types of products are: industrial shut-off valves, diesel engines and diesel generators, compressors, turbochargers and pumps, chemical equipment, automotive components, gasoline tankers and special vehicles, metalworking equipment, means of automation and safety of technical processes used in railway transport and nuclear power engineering, agricultural machinery and equipment for farms, etc.
The machine-building complex is represented by 60 large and medium-sized machine-building enterprises. Among them: JSC "Penztyazhpromarmatura", JSC "Penzadizelmash", LLC "SKBT", JSC "PAZ", CJSC "Penzaspetsavtomash", LLC Scientific and Production Association "Technoproekt", JSC "Plant "GRAZ", PJSC "Penzcompressormash", JSC "Belinskselmash", CJSC "PKTBA", LLC "Stankomashstroy" and others.
LLC “Stankomashstroy” started to expand production of domestic metalworking equipment within the framework of the federal project “Development of production of means of production” (2024-2030) for the total amount of 7.0 billion rubles, which will allow to produce up to 1000 pieces of metalworking equipment annually by 2030.
Production of pharmaceuticals and materials in the Penza region is represented by PJSC Biosintez. The assortment includes more than 170 items of medicines. More than 60% of them are included in the list of vital and essential drugs approved by the Russian Government. Biosintez PJSC is also a major exporter of its products.
A new production building of Penza Power Equipment Plant LLC was launched at the former site of Era Research and Production Enterprise OJSC for the production of power electrical equipment for Russian Railways and urban electric transport.
In order to improve the environment in the city of Penza, Mayak Holding Company completed a project to modernize treatment facilities worth 1.2 billion rubles.
Thanks to the implementation of major investment projects, the aggregate annual output of Mayak Holding Company now exceeds RUB 20 billion.
Among the light industry enterprises of the Penza Region the most significant are: JSC "PTF "Pekof", LLC "Fabula", JSC "Clara Tsetkin Garment Factory" and others.
Production of other non-metallic mineral products is represented by enterprises producing construction materials: represented by enterprises producing construction materials: LLC "Asia Cement" (cement production), LLC "Chaadaevskiy Penobeton" (production of autoclaved aerated concrete blocks), LLC "ZHBK-1", LLC "Betonium", LLC "SMC", LLC "PUS" (production of reinforced concrete products and structures), as well as large and small enterprises of glass industry, in particular CJSC "NZSS" and LLC "Bakhteevsky Plant".
In 2024, 4 enterprises (JSC “Plywood Plant ‘Power of Labor’, JSC ‘Belinskselmash’, LLC ‘Cryptosoft’ and JSC ‘NIIFI’) took part in 4 state programs of the Russian Federation and used federal funds in the amount of 718.0 million rubles, which is 4.5 times more than in 2023.
Currently, 62 enterprises are involved in the national project, of which 51 are manufacturing enterprises, 6 - agriculture, 3 - housing and utilities, 1 - transportation, 1 - construction.
1144 employees of the enterprises participating in the project were trained under the auspices of the experts of the Federal and Regional Competence Centers (the plan was 727 people). More than 900 employees of the enterprises were trained at the training and production site “Process Factory”.
22 sample streams and 24 projects on increasing labor productivity at the enterprises-participants of the national project in the direction of “Lean Production” were created at the enterprises-participants. In 2024, the Penza Region budget allocated RUB 6 million for the functioning of the Regional Competence Center.
Innovations.
In order to develop the sphere of information technologies and stimulate the growth of IT companies in the region, the Law on lowering the profit tax rate to 13.5% of such organizations was adopted and in 2017, an IT park was created by repurposing an innovation-type business incubator.
Currently, the IT park hosts 18 companies that have created more than 170 jobs, the occupancy rate of the IT park is 100%.
Two technoparks have been established and are functioning in the region.
Technopark "Yablochkov" - the first technopark in the country, created with the support of the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia in 2012, with an area of 4990.8 square meters, specializes in information technologies, precision instrumentation and materials science.
Currently, 27 resident companies are implementing innovative projects in the technopark, more than 200 jobs have been created, and the occupancy rate is 100%.
In 2014, the Rameyev High Technology Technopark was opened. The unique technopark of high medical and information technologies is the basis of the regional medical cluster. On the area of more than 45 thousand square meters 50 residents operate, more than 1.6 thousand jobs have been created.
The technopark's industry specialization is IT and production of high-tech medical devices.
In cooperation with the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia, a number of development institutions have been established in the region: the Center for Technology Commercialization, the Center for Cluster Development, and the Prototyping Center.
The main activity of the Prototyping Center is the provision of high-tech services for small and medium-sized enterprises, including prototyping and development of technologies for the production of new products according to their orders.
The region has an active cluster policy. The Cluster Development Center has been established, through which 6 priority industry clusters are supported.
The priority area of the cluster policy is the medical devices industry. Penza biomedical cluster “BioMed” is one of the most dynamically developing clusters in the region.
The cluster's products are highly competitive both in the Russian and foreign markets. This is evidenced by the cluster's leading positions among domestic manufacturers in the following segments of the domestic market: “artificial heart valves” - 70%, “suture material” - 17%.
The PenzaStankoMash machine-tool cluster was established in the Penza Region in 2021. The cluster's enterprises specialize in the development and production of metalworking equipment, as well as in the production of assemblies and component parts for the machine tool industry.
Production unites 16 enterprises located in the Vladimir, Ryazan, Samara and Penza regions. The cluster also includes educational institutions and infrastructure organizations.
With the help of federal budget funds, youth innovation creativity centers have been established in the region. A grant in the form of a subsidy from the regional budget in the amount of 1.0 million rubles has been allocated to ensure the activities of the Youth Innovation Creativity Center in 2024.
Investments.
The volume of investments in fixed assets for 2024 reached a record for the Penza Region and amounted to 123.2 billion rubles, which is 17.5 billion rubles more than the volume of investments in fixed assets for 2023. At the same time, the index of physical volume against 2023 amounted to 107.4%.
For 9 months of 2024, the volume of investments in fixed assets left 76.5 billion rubles, with a physical volume index of 101.4%.
The region has promising investment legislation enshrining all forms of state support for investment activities and a progressive system of tax benefits.
Tax benefits available throughout the Penza region are granted depending on the categories of investors and the volume of investments within the framework of realized projects for the period from 3 to 6 years under the condition of conclusion of an investment agreement with the Government of the Penza Region.
According to preliminary data, the volume of invested funds in the region's economy in 2024 amounted to 7.1 billion rubles.
According to preliminary data for 2024, state support in the form of tax benefits in the amount of more than 184.0 million rubles was provided to 5 investors, the volume of tax revenues to the regional budget under the concluded investment agreements amounted to more than 1.6 billion rubles. Work is underway to develop two industrial parks and one industrial technopark: Otvel, Master, Soyuz.
Small and medium-sized entrepreneurship.
The amount of small and medium-sized enterprises (hereinafter SME) as of 10.01.2025 is 46,726 units, including individual entrepreneurs - 34,302, legal entities - 12,424. Compared to the same period last year, the number of SMEs increased by 2.6% or by 1,178 units (45,548 units).
As of 10.01.2025, 7,510 small and medium-sized enterprises have the “newly established” status (compared to 2024, an increase of 281 units). As of 10.01.2025, 7,510 small and medium-sized enterprises (281 units more than in 2024), including 6,580 individual entrepreneurs (307 units more than in 2024), 930 legal entities (26 units less than in 2024).
The number of taxpayers of tax on professional income (self-employed citizens) as of 31.12.2024 is 68 141 persons. On the same date last year the number of self-employed citizens increased by 19,893 people or 1.4 times.
The number of employed in the SME sector for the third quarter of 2024 amounted to 220,441 people, in December 216,948 people, the target for 2024 is 184,800 people.
Business density is 37.2 SMEs per 1,000 residents of the region.
Receipts from the tax levied in connection with the application of the simplified taxation system to the budget of the Penza region in January-November 2024 amounted to 9,508.9 million rubles, which is 34.8% more than in the same period last year.
Professional income tax revenues for 2024 amounted to RUB 287.2 mln, which is RUB 140.9 mln more than in 2023.
Within the framework of the national SME project, 3 regional projects were implemented in 2024: creation of favorable conditions for self-employed citizens to carry out their activities, creation of favorable conditions for easy start-up and comfortable business, acceleration of small and medium-sized businesses.
The Penza Region has been successfully operating the Entrepreneurship Support Fund and the My Business Center - a single platform for providing services to businesses, individuals and self-employed citizens - for five years. In 2024, the Penza Region Entrepreneurship Support Fund provided comprehensive services to more than 4.6 thousand citizens and entrepreneurs as part of regional projects. 260 regional companies took part in exhibitions and business missions, and were assisted with promotion on marketplaces and the Internet, product certification, trademark and patent registration.
One of the priority areas of SME support is youth and social entrepreneurship. The register of social entrepreneurs of Penza region includes 92 subjects of small and medium entrepreneurship, 5 of them received grants in the amount of 2,471.0 thousand rubles for the implementation of their projects in 2024.
Young entrepreneurs are individual enterprises and legal entities established by citizens under the age of 25. In 2024, one young entrepreneur received grants for co-financing of costs associated with the implementation of business projects totaling 499.8 thousand rubles.
Providing SMEs with affordable credit resources is one of the key tasks ensuring the growth of the SME segment. For seven years already, the guarantee microcredit company “Guarantor” has been implementing a set of measures aimed at stimulating lending to SMEs. Preferential lending is represented by 14 unique programs that take into account the peculiarities of different business areas and offer special conditions for priority areas.
In total, in 2024, JSC “PORUCHITEL” provided 190 microloans in the amount of RUB 485.65 mln, of which 13 loans in the amount of RUB 4.47 mln were provided to self-employed citizens.
Guarantees from Surety Company are available under 6 programs; in 2024, 113 guarantee agreements were concluded with SMEs for the amount of RUB 1.14 billion, which made it possible to attract RUB 7.85 billion of credit resources.
Transport.
The transportation complex of the Penza Region includes road, rail and air transport.
Passenger transportation by road transport is carried out by 125 carriers (49 intermunicipal, 23 municipal, 21 for the city of Penza, 32 interregional carriers) of various forms of ownership on 433 routes, including 261 municipal, 126 intermunicipal (suburban and intercity) and 46 interregional routes. The length of route lines is more than 17 thousand kilometers and covers more than 70% of the region's settlements.
The network of automobile roads in the region exceeds 16 thousand kilometers. The most important of them are: Moscow-Chelyabinsk, Saratov-Nizhny Novgorod, Penza-Tambov. The interregional bus route network links the Penza Region with Moscow, Ryazan, Tambov, Lipetsk, Saratov, Volgograd, Voronezh, Samara, Ulyanovsk, Nizhny Novgorod Regions, the Republics of Chuvashia, Mordovia, Mari-El, Tatarstan and Krasnodar Krai (Gelendzhik).
The population of the Penza Region receives a range of bus terminal services at 13 bus stations and bus stations. Penza region bus stations and bus stations are located in the structure of JSC Penza Association of Bus Stations.
Air transport: Penza airport is an airport of federal importance and is located 600 km east of the Moscow air hub and is located at the intersection of air routes Europe - Middle East, Europe - South-East Asia, Ural - Ukraine - Southern Europe, North - South of the European part of Russia.
The measures taken to reconstruct the airport make it possible to receive large-capacity aircraft, to use the airport complex as a backup for the airports of the Moscow air hub and airports of the Volga Federal District, to operate design types of aircraft - IL-76T/TD (with a maximum take-off weight of up to 177 tons), as well as modern types of short-haul and regional aircraft (Tu-204, Yak-42, Tu-334, IL-114, etc.).
The regional route network of air transportation consists of the following routes: “Penza - Moscow”, “Penza - Mineralnye Vody”, “Penza - St. Petersburg”, “Penza - Sochi”, “Penza - Yekaterinburg”.
Railway transportation: the largest railroads of the country - Kuibyshev and South-Eastern railroads - run through the Penza region. The operational length of public railroads is 828 km, of which 54% (443 km.) is electrified section of tracks, they connect Penza with the Center and South of Russia, the Volga regions, Ukraine, the South Urals, Siberia, Kazakhstan, Central Asia, the Far East.
On the territory of Penza region suburban rail service is provided on the following routes: “Penza - Belinskaya - Pachelma-Bashmakovo”, ‘Penza - Belinskaya’, ‘Penza - Saransk’, ‘Penza - Kuznetsk’, ‘Penza - Bulychevo’, ‘Morsovo - Zemetchino - Pachelma’, ‘Nochka - Ruzaevka’, ‘Penza - Saransk’, ‘Penza - Rtischevo’, ”Rtischevo - Vertunovskaya - Umet”.
Fuel and energy complex.
Penza region is a net importer of electricity and receives it from Saratov and Ulyanovsk regions (i.e. partly from the united energy system of the Middle Volga). Two meridional corridors of main gas pipelines run through the region. Over 18.8 thousand kilometers of gas networks have been built and are in operation in the region. As of 01.01.2024, 880 settlements were gasified with natural gas, and 508 settlements with liquefied gas only. About 95% of the region population receives natural and liquefied gas, which is one of the best indicators in the Volga Federal District and Russia as a whole.
Agriculture.
Penza agricultural enterprises specialize in the production of grain, sunflower, sugar beet, poultry meat, pigs and cattle for slaughter, as well as milk, which is due in no small measure to the natural, climatic and soil features of the region.
Penza region is provided with its own food by main types of products more than 85%, which is the threshold of food independence. Food products produced in the region are supplied to all subjects of the Russian Federation and more than 40 countries of near and far abroad. Promotion of products of the Penza region agro-industrial complex is promoted by active participation of Penza producers in international fairs, exhibitions, business missions and target events, such as PRODEXPO, METRO EXPO, Gulfood, “Golden Autumn”, “Agrorus'”, BELAGRO.
In recent years, the agro-industrial complex of Penza region has achieved high results. Agriculture in Penza region remains stably profitable.
The average monthly salary of agricultural workers (without small businesses) in the Penza region is the highest in the industry among the regions of the Volga Federal District and is 66,996 rubles, which is 24% higher than the level of 2024.
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