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Krasnodar Territory

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    • General Information

    Passport of the subject of the Russian Federation
    Passport of the subject of the Russian Federation

    Geographic location

    The Krasnodar Region is located in the South-Western part of the Northern Caucasus, and the 45-th parallel splits it up in approximately two equal parts.

    In the Northeast the Krasnodar region is adjacent to Rostov Oblast, in the East — to Stavropol region, in the West — to the Republic of Crimea. In the South the region borders the Republic of Abkhazia. The Republic of Adygea is entirely located within the Krasnodar Region.

    In the Northwest and Southwest Krasnodar Region is washed by the Azov and the Black Seas. The general extent of its borders — 1 540 km, including 800 km overland and 740 km — on the sea.

    The greatest extent of edge from the North to the South — 327 km and from the West to the East — 360 km. Krasnodar Region occupies an area of 76,000 km2 and is the southernmost region of Russia.

     

    Administrative structure

    The territory itself has been formed from a part of the territories, which were occupied by Kuban Oblast and Chernomorskaya Province before the revolution. The two administrative units have been united into Kubansko-Chernomorskaya Oblast, which in 1920 covered a territory of 105.5 thousand square kilometers.
    In 1924 North-Caucasian Region was established with a center in Rostov-on-Don, in 1934 it was further divided into Azovo-Chernomorsky (the center — Rostov-on-Don) and the North-Caucasian (the center — Stavropol) Regions.

    On September 13, 1937 Azovo-Chernomorsky Region was divided into Rostov Region and Krasnodar Region, including Adyghe Autonomous Oblast.
    In 1991 Adyghe Autonomous Oblast abandoned the region’s structure and was reorganized into the Republic of Adygea.

    Krasnodar Region includes 44 urban and suburban districts, 26 cities, 21 urban-type villages and 1717 villages. The administrative center of the region is the city of Krasnodar, which celebrated in 2018 the two hundred and twenty-fifth anniversary anniversary of its founding.

    The Governor of Krasnodar Region is Veniamin Kondratiev, the Chairman of the Legislative Assembly of Krasnodar Region is Yury Burlachko.

    The representative body is the Legislative Assembly of Krasnodar Region, elected by universal suffrage for 5 years, which (within the powers of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation) adopts the laws of Krasnodar Region, binding within its territory.

     

    Population

    As of January 2020, the population of Krasnodar Region is 5.648 million people (the 3rd place among the regions of the Russian Federation). The urban population prevails (3.116 million people - 55.2%), while its major part (more than 100 thousand people) lives in cities. The most part of the population lives in the capital of Kuban, the city of Krasnodar (1.008 million people). The average population density is 74.8 people. per 1 km2.

    The ethnic composition of the region’s population comprises 124 ethnic groups: Russians - 4.97 million (86.9%), Armenians - 328 thousand (5.8%) and Ukrainians - 164 thousand (2.8%). Representatives of 32 faiths live within the region. 86% of the population of Krasnodar Region adheres to the Russian Orthodox Church, 6% are parishioners of the Armenian Apostolic Church, 3% are Muslims, 5% are representatives of other religions.

    Inter-ethnic relations in the region remained stable throughout the post-Soviet period, despite its multinational composition and tendency towards interethnic conflicts.

    Climate and natural conditions

    The territory is divided into two extremely different parts: the northern plain and the southern mountainous ones. The plain zone — the Prikubanskaya lowland — covers two third of the territory and is the most economically developed part. The southern zone is formed by the systems of ridges of the Western Caucasus, a stripe of foothills, adjacent to it and a narrow line of the Black Sea coast.

    Being situated at the border of moderate and subtropical latitudes, at the junction of plains and mountains, the region differs with a variety and inconstancy of weather conditions.

     The climate of the most part of the territory is a moderate-continental one, at the Black Sea coast (south of Tuapse) — a subtropical one.  The average temperature in January on the plain is minus 3-5 degrees Celsius, in July — plus 22-24 degrees Celsius.

    The annual amount of the precipitation varies from 350 mm on Tamansky Peninsula, 500 mm on the right coast of Kuban up to 2,500 mm and above on the south-western slopes of the Caucasian Ridge.

    There are over 500 rivers in the region, and its main water way— Kuban — is one of the main rivers of the North Caucasus. In order to control the drainage and expansion of the rice systems there had been constructed Kryukovskoye reservoir, Varnavinskoye reservoir, and Krasnodarskoye reservoir — the largest one in the South of Russia.

     

    Minerals and other natural resources

    The soil and subsoil of Kuban contain over 60 kinds of minerals. There are deposits of oil, natural gas, marl, iodide-bromine water, marble, limestone, sandstone, iron and apatite ores.

    Oil and gas fields in Krasnodar Region is the place of origin of the domestic oil industry: 69 oil fields are under development – the main of them are located in the western and central parts of the foothills (Abinsky, Seversky, Absheronsky, Slavyansky districts). 1.7 - 1.9 million tons of oil is cleaned up annually from the bowels of the region, natural gas production is brought up to 3 billion cubic meters.

    The largest in Europe, the Azov-Kuban freshwater groundwater basin, is located in the region. The operational reserves of mineral groundwater account for about 30% of the total reserves of the North Caucasus region. There are 42 mineral water deposits in the region, 17 of them are currently in operation.

    Forest is one of the most important natural resources of Krasnodar Region. The total forest area is over one and a half million hectares.

     

    Economy

    The industrial complex of Krasnodar Region includes enterprises of energy, mining operations, manufacturing industry. The food industry takes the lead and it is known a lot in Russia and abroad. Vehicle manufacturing, petrochemical and chemical industries, construction materials industry are actively developing. Oil and gas production, as well as oil refining are particularly important in the region’s economy. Oil-and-gas domestic extraction industry appeared in Kuban. The first Russian oil well was drilled here in 1864.

    A particular highlight of the region is its building complex. Over recent years, Krasnodar Region has consistently been the housing leader construction.
     It is important in spite of multi-storey housing, much attention is paid to the creation of favorable conditions for the development of low-rise individual housing construction, taking into account the traditions and specifics of the region.

    Transport infrastructure is one of the most essential elements not only for Kuban’s economy, but for the economy of the entire Russian Federation.
    High quality road and railway networks are over the whole territory. They provide favorable conditions for doing business. Seaports of Krasnodar Region are the main gate of Russia to the countries of the Mediterranean basin and provide up to 40% of the cargo turnover of all Russian ports. Two of the largest international transport and energy projects in Russia are operating here: Russia-Turkey gas pipeline «Blue Stream» and the Caspian Pipeline Consortium pipeline.

      

    April 2020

    Photo

    © The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation